ELEN 200
Graduate Engineering Seminar Series
Winter 2010
Thursdays, 4:00 - 5:00 p.m.
EC 326, Bannan Engineering Building
Past Seminars
"Advances in the Synthesis and Characterization of III-V Semiconductor Nanowires"
Shadi A. Dayeh
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Thursday, Nov. 5, 2009
1:30-3:00 p.m.
MPR, Bannan Engineering Labs (Old IT Building)
Abstract
IEEE EDS (Electron Device Society) have recently established the Student/GOLD (graduate of the last decade) Ambassador/Lecturer program to promote establishing EDS student chapters at universities world-wide and to stimulate the students’ interests in all technical areas related to electron devices. The first part of the lecture is related to the Ambassador’s research and the second part is related to IEEE EDS and opportunities within EDS for student involvement and career development.
The technical part of the talk addresses recent advances in the growth, characterization, and integration of III-V semiconductor nanowires. We will discuss our experimental results in validating the vapor-liquid-solid growth mechanism to III-V nanowires and highlight the role of surface adatom diffusion and nanowire-substrate interaction during their growth to obtain optimal control over the morphology of InAs and InAs/InP nanowire heterostructures. We will then discuss their structural properties and correlate the nanowire microstructure to electron transport behavior in nanowire field-effect transistors made of Zinc Blende and Wurtzite nanowires. Demonstration of a novel scheme for the integration of III-V nanowires to Si technology mainstream using the Smart Cut technique will be presented.
Biography
Shadi A. Dayeh is a Director Postdoctoral Fellow at Los Alamos National Laboratory. He earned his Maitrise-en-Sciences from the Lebanese University in Physics/Electronics in 2001, MS in Electrical Engineering from Southern Methodist University in 2003, and PhD degree in Electrical Engineering (Applied Physics) from UC San Diego in 2008. His research concerns with the growth, characterization, device physics and fabrication, and the integration of III-V and Si/Ge semiconductor nanowires. He is the winner of 5 best paper awards for his PhD work, several teaching awards and recognitions at UC San Diego, and is currently the IEEE EDS Ambassador/Lecturer for the North America-West region.
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"Life Detection Technologies Based on Bacterial Endospore Phtochemistry and Amino Acid Chirality"
Dr. Douglas Yung
California Institute of Technology
Tuesday, April 21, 2009
4:00-5:00 p.m.
MPR, Bannan Engineering Labs (Old IT Building)
Abstract
The Mars Rovers and Mars Space Laboratory highlight a resurgence of efforts to detect life on Mars and other planetary bodies, following on the heels of breakthroughs in aeronautics, microbiology, and molecular biology. This seminar outlines novel technological development for the detection of extant and extinct life and terrestrial contamination of spacecraft based on bacterial endospore photochemistry and amino acid chirality. Valuable information on the advancement of medical sterilization, biodefense and astrobiology can also be gleaned from this endeavor.
Bacterial endospores are dormant structures formed primarily from Bacillus and Clostridium genera that are highly resistant to environmental extremes. Dipicolinic acid (DPA) is a major constituent and unique chemical marker of endospores. When released via germination or physical rupture, DPA can bind to terbium ions (Tb3+) with a high affinity to form terbium dipicolinate [Tb(DPA)]+. This binary complex exhibits intense emission in the visible range under UV excitation, and comprises the basis of sensitive spectroscopic and microscopic techniques that serve a number of applications. They can be used to assure the sterility level in medical and spacecraft assembly facilities. The Anthrax Smoke Detector thus developed has been patented and sold as a cost effective front-end monitor for anthrax attack surveillance. Trace amount of endospores have also been detected and isolated from Arctic ice cores, Antarctic underground lake, deep-sea sediments and desert soils to understand the longevity and survival strategies of these extremophiles, which will consequently shed light on future extraterrestrial life detection missions.
Another life detection technology is the Urey organic and oxidant detector, which has been selected for the European Space Agency's upcoming 2013 ExoMars rover mission. It performs a complete inventory of chemical markers in the Martian regolith and determines whether the origins of these compounds were from biotic or abiotic processes using chirality measurements. It consists of three steps: 1) subcritical water extraction of biomarkers from regolith samples, 2) liquid chromatographic separation of extracted biomarkers, and 3) their subsequent detection and analysis. This seminar highlights the microcapillary electrochromatography (μCEC) in a lab-on-a-chip format that enables separation of a mixture of neutral organic molecules. Life originating on a particular planet is expected to show one of the two chiral forms, either L or D. On Earth for example, all amino acids bear the L form. Chemical processes are able to modify amino acids to swap the chiral form, thus if the instrument finds more D than L chiral acids it would mean that life had indeed occurred on Mars, but a very long time ago.
Biography
Douglas Yung earned a Ph.D. in Bioengineering from Caltech, and a B.S. in Electrical Engineering and Mathematics from UCLA. He received the NASA Postdoctoral Fellowship and is currently working at Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California. His research focuses on biophotonics, biosensor development, microfluidics, molecular & environmental microbiology, as well as astrobiology. He has developed a novel time-resolved luminescence microscopy technique to detect bacterial spores, which forms the basis for patented applications, such as the Anthrax Smoke Detector, post-anthrax decontamination protocols and air monitoring systems in spacecrafts. He joined expeditions to the Atacama Desert in Chile and worked with samples from extreme environments, including Greenland ice core, Siberian permafrost, Mount Kilimanjaro alpine ice, and Antarctica Lake Vostok to help understand resistance, viability and ubiquity of bacterial spores, determine boundary conditions for life longevity, provide insights into the history of life on Earth and possibility of life in outer space. He is developing extraterrestrial life detection technologies based on bacterial spore photochemistry and amino acid chirality on a chip. Funded by the Department of Homeland Security, Planetary Protection Committee at NASA and the European Space Agency, his work has been presented in more than 10 multidisciplinary national and international conferences, covering bioengineering, microbiology, electrical engineering, chemistry and geophysics. His work on Anthrax Smoke Detector and germinable-endospore biodosimetry has been highlighted for press release by the American Society for Microbiology in 2006 and 2009, respectively.
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"Engineering Management Through Visibility"
Dr. Chin-Woo Tan
University of California - Berkeley
Monday, April 20, 2009
3:00-4:00 p.m.
EC 326, Bannan Engineering Building
Abstract
A critical challenge in engineering management of large-scale complex systems is to manage their system operations and improve their performance through strategic use of state-of-the-art engineering systems and information technology. These are opportunities for bridging engineering designs and analyses with operations management. In particular, there are strong interests in employing innovative technological solutions, which have the potential of lowering the cost barrier and reducing the complexity, to collect information from physical systems. The empirical sensor data are crucial for understanding system behaviour and making informed management decisions to improve system performance and prioritise task schedules. In this presentation, we will discuss how this management through data visibility approach can improve operation efficiency in traffic management and distribution centre yard management applications. The mission of improving transportation system performance is urgent, since the environmental and wasted fuel costs of these energy-inefficient systems are in the order of billions of dollars a year. In yard management, the resultant enhancement in supply chain visibility and cost savings are shown to be significant, which also implies a quick return on investment in the technological solution.
Biography
Chin-Woo Tan was a Researcher with the UC Berkeley PATH Program for more than 10 years since 1996. He was also a research project manager at PATH until 2004, and is currently a Project Consultant. His research at PATH has been on designing systems to monitor and manage transportation systems, and developing algorithms for improving the performance of these energy-inefficient systems. He is currently also a Senior System Engineer with PINC Solutions in Berkeley, where he is involved with the design of a RFID-based intelligent system for tracking assets in supply chain, and leads an engineering management team in helping clients make informed management decisions and improve operation efficiency using the intelligence extracted from the collected data. His research interests include intelligent systems, engineering management and decision science, asset management in supply chain, intelligent transportation, navigation, estimation, optimisation and control. Dr. Tan has taught electrical engineering courses at UC Berkeley, UC Davis, and San Jose State University. He holds a PhD in Electrical Engineering and a MA in Mathematics, both from UC Berkeley.
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"Development of Novel Microfluidic Cell Sorters Using Dielectrophoresis and Magnetophoresis"
Dr. Unyoung Kim
University of California - Santa Barbara
Tuesday, April 7, 2009
2:00-3:00 p.m.
MPR, Bannan Engineering Labs (Old IT Building)
Click Here for Abstract
"Modeling Dynamic Propagation of Characteristic Gases between the Liquid and Solid Insulation of High Voltage/High Energy Devices - Application in Power Transformers"
Dr. Ahmad Shahsiah
Exponent
Monday, April 6, 2009
2:15-3:15 p.m.
EC 326, Bannan Engineering Building
Abstract
Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) is a well-established method to monitor and predict the condition of devices with oil-cellulose insulation, especially power transformers. IEC 60599 defines characteristic gases for power transformers. However, the effect of migration of these gases between the liquid and solid insulation is often ignored. The migration phenomenon is temperature-dependent and when ignored, it can potentially lead to erroneous condition assessment by the DGA method. These errors can cause misinterpretation of a transformer condition based on the DGA data. Little analytical or experimental work has been performed to date on the temporal nature of this problem.
A mass-transfer model is suggested in this research to explain the migration of characteristic gases between the liquid and solid insulation of a power transformer. The steady-state information extracted from experiments is compared with findings obtained from the literature. The final dynamic model is tested against experiments. The results show that the migration phenomenon in the liquid-solid insulation of power transformers can be explained by diffusion equations. Other findings include diffusion coefficients and steady-state information of the characteristic gases in the transformer insulation system.
This research was partly funded by Electric Power Research Institute and received a fellowship award from IEEE Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation Society in 2005. The methodology and results of this research is published in a book titled: “Mass Transfer in Electrical Insulation of Power Transformers”, November 2008, ISBN: 9783639096590.
Biography
Dr. Ahmad Shahsiah is a senior engineer at Exponent, Failure Analysis Associates in Menlo Park, CA and a registered professional engineer in the state of California. He received his BS degree in electrical engineering from Tehran Polytechnic in 1996, MS and Ph.D. degrees in electric power engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 2002 and 2006, respectively. Dr. Shahsiah is the recipient of the 2005 fellowship award from IEEE - Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation Society. He is the author of the book: “Mass Transfer in Electrical Insulation of Power Transformers”.
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ELEN 200
Graduate Engineering Seminar Series
Thursdays, 4:10-5:00 p.m.
EC 326, Bannan Engineering Building
Click Here for Winter 2009 list of ELEN 200 Seminars
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"Bioinstrumentation and Sensors for Clinical Diagnostics"
Dr. Abhinav Bhushan
University of California - Davis
Monday, March 9, 2009
3:00-4:00 p.m.
MPR, Bannan Engineering Labs (Old IT Building)
Abstract
Rapid and comprehensive analysis of chemicals is of significant importance for clinical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and homeland security. These applications ideally require selectively detecting a range of chemical compounds from a real world sample in a short time. This is especially true for areas in clinical diagnostics because the volatile chemical constituents of biological entities contain clinically useful information for monitoring of metabolic disorders and other diseases. Traditional means for diagnosing diseases frequently rely on tissue specimens or visual tools such as ultrasound and tomography. Analytical instruments can play a significant role in providing a more accurate diagnosis. Miniaturized systems offer significant advantages in terms of higher efficiency and increased speed of analysis. This seminar will highlight emerging areas in bioinstrumentation, specifically discussing the use of volatile organic compounds for diagnosing diseases. Such advances in bioinstrumentation and bioengineering will give clinicians access to real time, in vivo data that may help improve the efficacy of clinical diagnosis.
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"Engineering the Extracellular Microenvironment"
Dr. Junyu Mai
NSF Nano-Scale Science and Engineering Center - UC Berkeley
Friday, March 6, 2009
4:15-5:15 p.m.
MPR, Bannan Engineering Labs (Old IT Building)
Abstract
Any mammalian cell inside an intact tissue is constantly interacting with its dynamic microenvironment composed of the neighboring cells, extracellular fluids and extracellular matrix. In order to examine how the physical properties and biochemical components of the microenvironment affect cell behaviors, biologists need tools to create micro-engineered bio-compatible environment where activities of single cells can be precisely probed, closely monitored and quantitatively analyzed. In this seminar, I will describe my research on several novel microsystems, including cell migration under multidirectional stimulation on topographically textured surfaces, axon initiation and turning on bound protein gradient created by diffusive printing, and building a 3D artificial capillary structure by micro-stereo-lithography. Development of these micro-biosystems integrated multidisciplinary effort between biology, chemical, electrical, and mechanical engineering, and allowed new discoveries of mechanisms underlying the complex cell-microenvironment interactions. Future innovation of micro-bioinstrumentation will continue to propel the progress in both life science and clinical research.
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"Nano-Solar Cell Research: Forefront and Challenges"
Dr. Jeongwon Park
Applied Materials
Wednesday, February 11, 2009
5:10-7:00 p.m.
Wiegand Room, Arts and Science Building
Click Here for Presentation
Abstract
This seminar will introduce you to solar energy and give an overview of current solar cell technologies. In particular, traditional silicon-based solar cells are described and compared with more current nanocrystalline solar cells. The seminar will highlight the importance of solar technologies as part of a clean, renewable world energy solution. In addition, it will illustrate the versatility through the example of nanostructures in novel composite and integrated architectures that reveal new approaches to addressing issues of importance to the human environment, from a thin film solar cells to nanoscale (quantum dots and wires) solar cell applications.
Biography
Jeongwon Park received his B.E. degree in Metallurgical Engineering from Dong-A University in 1997, M.S. degree in Metallurgical Engineering from Hanyang University, South Korea in 1999 and Ph.D. from University of California, San Diego in the Materials Science and Engineering Program in 2008. Since 2008, he has been with Applied Materials where he currently works as a process engineer on epitaxial growth of SiGe, SiC, SiGeBC, and strained Si in the Front End Product Group. He was awarded with the Graduate Study Abroad Scholarship by the Korean Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) for the year 2003-2005, the highest honor for outstanding graduate students, and has published some twenty journal papers.
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"Status of Phase-change Memory Technology and Nanoscale Challenges on the Path Forward"
Stephen J. Hudgens
Ovonyx Technologies, Inc.
Thursday, October 30, 2008
2:00-3:00 p.m.
Wiegand Room, Arts and Science Building
Abstract
Phase-change memory (PCM) is a nonvolatile semiconductor memory technology now at the early stages of commercial introduction by many of the world’s Flash and DRAM manufacturers. PCM technology is based on an electrically initiated reversible amorphous-to-crystalline phase-change process in multi-component chalcogenide alloy materials similar to those used in rewriteable optical disks. Because of its high programming speed, long cycle life, and excellent scaling characteristics with decreasing lithographic dimensions, PCM is the most prominent candidate technology to replace Flash memory and, eventually, DRAM as these technologies encounter scaling limits. PCM device operation and its present commercialization status will be reviewed and nanoscale-level challenges for future generations of the technology will be discussed.
Biography
Steve is the senior science advisor for materials science and device physics research and development at Ovonyx Technologies, Inc. He received his Ph.D in solid-state physics from The University of Chicago and was postdoctoral research fellow at MIT. In 2000 Steve joined Ovonyx Technologies, Inc., as Vice President for Research and Development and Chief Technical Officer.
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"LIGO, Lasers, interferometry and electrical engineering in the search for gravitational waves"
Shailendhar Saraf
Sonoma State University
Wednesday, October 8, 2008
2:00-3:00 p.m.
Wiegand Room, Arts and Science Building
Dr. Saraf will discuss the technological challenges in the detection of gravitational waves with a terrestrial instrument and describe the laser technology, interferometric techniques, and control systems used in LIGO.
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